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Why and how you build and
run your own some of that supervisor?
Oh, please try.
It's not the first time
I came up for it and
it's quite long. Some 200 Americans
waiting on his feet are the second
thoughts I have in mind.
And then I received some emails following
the announcement.
This group of people saying We actually
we are.
I feel we are doing this.
So we all know
that this is the answer of the mission.
So but I don't know.
I don't know.
And right on that during the
talking points
of disagreement.
We are not going to talk about
access was only going
to talk about obsession, but we're not
going to talk about those TV channels.
Those are interesting issue, very
interesting issues, very important issues
for them both in some
of the most, those running
in so many issues and services at home.
But that's a separate issue, and that's
where this stuff goes on to talk to them.
I'm going to focus about this and
also provide a neutral
internet access down.
So we'll start by giving
you a
quick overview of the networks
and for us, the political environment.
I mean, this is there are
lots of bathrooms.
I don't know what you
know about
the various emergency programs
in the.
Okay.
Sorry.
Network neutrality is under
attack
from different perspectives, from
the legislative point of view, from
commercial, is that cell
for all sorts of people.
And do it also, but they don't know what
they're doing,
and they're especially stupid laws like
adopted as a first choice law we have in
France and just.
And so I can continue
to join a long time with this fellow.
There is no teach.
There are very few.
I'm not sure it's easy for you for
someone like that.
So but it's kind of a monopoly there.
The network is very centralized.
Everything goes, almost everything
goes through very well.
One one to one person in
the south west of France, one to talk
to one person spreads through
the network with someone and the
southeast.
I just moved to Paris
and goes back to
the south of this country since Typekit.
And that's not how the internet
should work.
So there is something to do on this in
the central sense, what I saw some of the
network.
And of course, as there are commercial,
become much more easily.
We are just numbers in the domains.
When we go to Athlone, we
will have
you to wait for
a long time to have a city, and
that's not really true.
And there are a lot of other issues
on the network in France,
but
not in Malta.
So that someone should check
about people in the city.
What is the internet?
How does it work?
Some of the books that you find in the
supermarkets.
But many people think that's the
way it is.
Many people understand that
freedom of expression is at stake when
it comes to cultural
restrictions and things like that on
their on
their internet access.
Another issue to address is how to
provide public APIs for
making people capable
of hosting their own services at
home before V6 and so
have a neutral access.
That's
quite easy actually to to provide a
net neutral access, but
the big telcos continue continue
to tell us that,
yeah, you know, the bandwidth is so,
so big. The pipes of the
network are saturated, blah blah.
And there are, of course, a big issue,
which is the the rural areas
and how to build rural networks
there to provide a good access to the
internet and to
put an end to this divide the
digital divide
about the access to the internet.
So how do we engage this fight
in trying to come up with a solution that
I will present you?
I've identified two key points
for me, but maybe there are others.
First, federating and edges, we are
doing things, but how do we build
on top of this? How do we share
the knowledge that we use to build our
own networks?
And how do we?
And that's really how can we avoid
to reinvent the wheel and to ask again
the same question each in our own little
corners?
So at first in France, there was
an example to follow.
FDR and its friends defended work.
It exists in 1992.
Since then, almost nothing has changed in
the structure of this organization.
It's a nonprofit organization.
At first, it was plain old telephone
system, and then ADSL
came in 2003 2005.
And, well, POTUS has been proven
useful lately in Egypt and Syria,
often provided the international
landlines for phone call numbers
or to to to
give back the access to the internet to
people there and all around the world,
and also provide VPN,
which is really cool and provides
VPN for a reporter without borders,
which is even more corrupt.
So have you ever seen your ISP's returns
because these are mines?
Did those are my and
the routers that are on
that, uh, that aren't
seeing my traffic when I'm connecting
to the internet?
So if the end is kind of a choose your
own adventure book, no, that book ISP,
it's like you're the hero of
the very end
and
the very service that you use every day.
You have your say on how it works
out
on everything under the Sun.
How how much does it cost?
And.
In 2010,
everyone was growing and growing
on the human scale that
was very important was starting
to vanish, and then it was
time to spread the word.
It was time to forge and to build
otherwise piece and copy at
the very same structure in the very same
concept, which were the basis
of everything.
So here came the FDA
and the federation then called
in tribute of this older
organization.
And in 2011,
there were seven nonprofit ISP's
funding this federation counting
something like 400
members, and now we are 23
nonprofit ISP's.
All of our friends are counting something
like 1600 members.
And spoiler.
We are soon crossing the borders because
there are plans for building a nonprofit
ISP that will integrate our federation
in Belgium.
Social.
You're right, they are amazing, you
shouldn't you should support them if
you are Belgium.
We can discuss and I can introduce
you to to these people.
They are here today.
So here is a map of this organization.
So we build copies of every
locally to maintain the human scale.
That's very important if you want to do
things with people that you can meet
them actually on a weekly
daily, not the daily, but weekly
or monthly basis, because
what we are doing requires
a human link much more
than bandwidth
and technical stuff.
So how do we collect subscribers?
There are many solutions actually
to to provide access to an internet.
In France, we have the chance the
opportunity to have ADSL back all
contracts. It's not possible everywhere.
You can use five gigahertz wi
fi bridges to to extend
ADSL lines and so on to
to reach the dark zones
I told you about.
And soon we are going to provide
fiber to the home next
to Paris in a small
city, which is quite exciting.
And no, the RC 11:49
doesn't work. Don't try it.
It's I've heard that there
is a new one, 25 49.
But yeah, we will try it.
So some examples.
There is a reason.
It's a sort of ISP
to provide temporary wireless access.
It's cheap, easy to set up.
It's a really
good example of how we provide
how we do things on a case by case basis.
The commercial ISP's don't offer
how cities are cheap, easy to set up
for internet access.
And in this
city where this ISP is located,
actually there are a lot of students and
they are not in in.
They are not in the same place.
They are all over the town, and it's
quite complicated to to
give access to a building or
because they are not all in the in two
or three buildings, they are across
the city. So the the
students there came up with the idea of
providing small antennas
at the beginning of the universe,
the universe or New York City or yeah.
And so people come to the student
bureau and they
come back home with this
kind of antenna and then the
router, they are either relays
or endpoints of this network
all across the the city.
The funny thing is they also do rebound
on our buildings.
It's just quite well.
At first, it's scary.
And this is an example I love, this
is the tunnel travel darkness.
They are based in Toulouse.
They are located
close to the darker space of Toulouse,
which is called the datalab.
And they have something great of a fiber
to the data center, which is 200
meters
away from the square to where
is the echo space?
And so they provide wireless
VPN, virtual machine hosting
IP for 4G.
See, they have their own autonomous
system. They are pretty much amazing.
And they provide access in both dense
zone in the city and dark zones.
They rented a fiber to
provide access through wireless
in the south of Toulouse, in the middle
of nowhere,
and also provide access to squats, which
is really cool.
And there are 400 members.
They exist since three to
three are ago and they are already
friends with members. It's quite amazing
how fast they grow.
There are approximately half of these
people who are actually connected through
the internet. It's difficult to know the
number of people using the access because
they provide access to ourselves.
We don't have people to check in or
something to, of course,
and they provide wireless and type of
fiber. As I say that, and that's
a photo I like. So I shared with you,
we are doing this because we gain more
control on the infrastructure of the
internet.
Not all the internet, but we
had we had something.
We had our own little network to the
internet, and we know that we have
to such extent, to to some extent,
a control on this part.
One important thing does is that we
build something local friendly.
Human just
gives obviously a better service.
Not obviously, because some people ask
me, Well, you are all volunteer
based, you know, you're all volunteers.
If the network goes down,
what happens?
Who do you call?
And actually, you call your friends
because they are your friends.
And so you say, I have no network.
Do you have an idea? Oh yeah, reboot this
and this, and I'm working.
Oh, God knows this.
Oh, it's not like that almost.
And one important thing that is that we
spread knowledge.
We try to document everything that
we are doing, but we
are quite bad at it as we do
it in the French.
So for now, for now, but
I'm trying to advocate for going
outside of France, as you can see.
And we try to have some political
influence.
The federation is
quite small. It's just 1000 members.
But we are listened by
and by politicians, by institutions.
Lately, we have been
listened by aired by the
National Frequency Authority about
how to re-use the old
television and analog
to al-Qaeda frequencies.
And basically, the question is what
are we going to do with these
frequencies? Are we going to put to
stand with the license
and fees to use them?
Or are we going to open this and
have a good policy for
networks like ours?
So that's interesting because putting an
umbrella on top of all of these local
initiatives gave us the opportunity
to to have some,
some voice.
And it's fun. Seriously, we have very
good fun.
That's how
some people build
their router modem inside this toaster.
Yeah, that's right.
So we decide the services we provide, we
decide the prices.
When I say we, it's we don't
have customers. We have only people
doing things together.
So when you subscribe
to one of these ISP's, you become a
member of it.
And so you have your say on it, you can
say, Oh, the price is quite,
uh, it's
too much for me.
Or can we?
I have no or no job.
I can. We do this and
are to group. You can decide that
for people with no jobs or students,
we can you can fix or
a low price and something
that will be financed by the others.
That something that you cannot
do with a commercial ISP, be like, say,
Oh please, it doesn't work.
And of course, who decides what
technology we use?
And that's important.
I won't loan you anything like
that with this, and we
shall use. We keep mailing list or you'll
see.
Transparency is at the core of what we
are doing.
We have meat space meetings because
that's very important to me, to people
you are interacting with
and your with whom
you are doing or building
things.
And we're talking to journalists,
politicians, small and medium
enterprises.
And there's a
funny project we have
about cinema distribution.
We are friends that are
running independent movie
theaters and ask
us if we could distribute
the movies they are
showing from
the distributors to the theaters.
And so at first we were like, Okay,
it's just what is the job?
Yeah, it's just basically transporting
films from one point to
multiple points.
So I don't know if you heard about the
protocol called BitTorrent.
We started to test it, it's quite
efficient. You should have a look at it.
And so more of them to see that
the love we share the same
love for the internet and
yet that all of all the things, it's
what drives us, what makes us
wake up in the morning and say, OK, the
internet is again down.
I have to go to, uh,
to the roof and see what, what happened
and so on. And basically,
we love it.
Like, that's what friends.
But what about elsewhere
and the possible obstacles
the the the legal framework?
I don't know all the legal
framework about telecommunication
in all the countries.
I don't even know everything
about it's in France, so it's quite
complicated. It's sometimes a mess.
You don't want to know what is going on
in Belgium.
There's the market. Of course,
it's not easy to have backhaul contracts.
We really are
lucky to have it in France.
And one important thing, one important
issue that you asked whether
or you you
should have in mind is the community
the human issue.
You're building something and the next to
last, you're building things with
not just machines, but with people.
And that's something you have to take
care of that allows
for this, of course,
about the European legal framework.
I've I haven't done an extended
review of this, but there's
not much to help what we are doing.
What is most important is the country of
regulation. There is nothing that I've
seen on the European level
on this. Like in France,
you just have to declare yourself an
operator to actually do things.
It's just a filling form in
a New York, and you're
even not forced to do this.
And in Belgium,
in Belgium, you have to pay
you a certain amount of euros
if you are
shown utter and giving the
service the service for free.
So it's quite we are.
Of course we are.
People pay in our structure.
So we are in Belgium.
I think we would be considered
as commercial ISPs and so
we had to pay ten thousand euros,
something like that, uh, to
to start doing things.
So it's quite impossible for us.
But we are trying to do things
and there are things to do on the
European level.
We have friends in Spain.
I hope this
talk will give the opportunity
of people from all over or around
Europe and all around the world
to meet and to start to discuss this.
Um, my experience as a volunteer
for like Well-thought-through or Jennette
alerted me that if you don't have
politicians to do things, they will
do silly laws and to build
trust. You have to to to
to hit them when they do stupid
laws. And then you have to to propose
something, you have to say, Hey, this
would be better.
And if we don't talk together as European
citizens, we won't have
good networks are community driven
networks.
So it's very important to think about
that
technical stuff actually is not the
problem.
Like, yeah, we can provide a 100
gigabytes of network here.
So
and even it's not a problem using free
software.
We are at a small scale, and the
bandwidth we are dealing with
doesn't require you to have bigger,
big Cisco and Juniper.
We use quite Berlin to pianists.
We even patched L2TP
and as evilly,
we use free radicals upon w.r.t.
There is nothing difficult.
Sharing is the key.
If in your uncle, now you are doing
things and you keep it with you.
Yeah, of course it will be difficult.
But if you reuse what has
been done elsewhere, yeah, it's quite
easy.
My example is that the network I built
in the middle of nowhere in France.
And that's what we built.
We literally copy pasted
the configuration files from another from
a reason the student
ISP, I'll show you.
So, yeah, basically, it's copy based on
who is out there in spring.
GIPHY Uh, they have
an amazing network from four
with thousands of nodes,
wireless nodes.
There is a free network condition in the
U.S.
there's Linux in Roma,
Altamont in Argentina and the individual
network. In in Germany
and others, there are plenty of others,
but the problem is we don't know
each other.
We don't talk to each other.
We don't benefit from the network.
Even in the same city,
there's a finishing.
Yesterday evening, I was talking to
some guy from the
Czech space in Stuttgart, and
it was very much interested in this.
And this morning I received an
email from a guy
from Stuttgart who was running
a nonprofit ISP.
A student, one with four
thousand five hundred members.
And I was like, What?
They don't know each other and they are
in the same city.
What is wrong?
It's not like we have the internet to to
to know each other.
So communication and federation is
the key to this, in my opinion.
So I will introduce you to
some kind of exclusivity.
Don't be too excited or maybe
you will see.
So we built a database
at the beginning. We we thought about
this just for friends like
to to share information.
We are we have monthly
meetings in our French organization
with the federation and we exchange
our problems.
We are asking each other
on a frequent
basis. Oh, now how much
subscribers do you have?
How big is your network and so on?
So it's quite a pain in the ass to have
20 organization asking
themselves over
this numbers.
Let's do.
Let's put this stuff into mentions.
And so we've built a database automatic
database that's retrieving information
like the areas covered
and so on.
And
the good thing is is that we can
build an international
with an international scope in
aid so it can
be reused. It's free software and so on.
As a user, you can find the closest
friendly ISP and as a
friendly ISP, you can hide your
information.
So here is the the the fee
I will demonstrate you.
We are not all in the
in the system right now.
I will put it in English.
Well, it was English,
so you can
almost.
So you can find the closest ISP
next to you, like if I zoom on the map,
then I say I'm living in the middle of
nowhere, which is
at my place.
And then you just put the cursor there in
Tehran.
So you see the areas covered by your
organization next to you, like
your living just here
and there is Wi-Fi.
Sorry.
There is a wireless network there
and we provide ADSL around
the area.
So you click on the organization
and you have information
like the contacts, the mailing lists,
the number of subscribers,
members, the chat room, if you
want to interact with people
and. And there it is.
It's quite simple, but it's very useful
and it just takes
a few minutes for the new project.
So and my project, you can automatically
provide the Jeison.
We have a format for this
and you can also
fill a form and provide info
and and you're done.
It appears in the map.
Uh, so the features,
as I said, there is a description of
for a certain amount of information
on the ISP's subscribers, a realistic
note, blah blah blah.
And it's free software you can budget for
it, whatever you like.
There is also a mailing list for to
discussions
intellectual discussions.
There is the link if they are not on,
do it yourself.
And the idea I
I have in mind today, and why
am I in front of you today
is why don't we have,
I guess, spaces dot org for nonprofit
ISP?
Like when I saw that two people
from the same city don't know
each other, I don't know that there is
a big network already existing
and so on.
I'm amazed. It's I'm
it's it's weird. It's really weird.
So I will invite you to discuss
this and to see what we can
do to to share this information
and to have finally some,
some a better overview of what is
going on around this.
So we are going to try and,
you know, the the the information to
you to contact us.
If you're interested, there will be a
workshop in all, starting
at 11 a.m.
at one p.m., So
you're welcome.
Thank you.
All right.
Thank you very much.
And no quick questions.
Anything from the interwebs?
Yeah.
For example, is it hard to get
an autonomous system, no
IP prefixes and to find someone
for doing the beach appear at a
hearing?
So sorry, I didn't get the question
is it hard to get an autonomous system,
no IP prefixes
and to find someone for doing the
BGP fearing
for you? It's really simple.
The most difficult thing is to have
public IP before, but
requesting an autonomous
system is is really filling a form,
sort of.
It's quite easy, and
that's something people usually
think it's difficult and they
think about technical issues.
But in the end, when you discuss with
us, with people who have
tried to do this, you understand
that the technical parts, the
the network part, is
it simple. We do it on a daily basis.
We it config files, we try.
And so you cannot edit the config
file of your friend.
It's that's
the difficult part of this kind
of things.
OK. Quick question for number two, and we
have to wrap up, sorry for that, you can
ask Kim later regarding
net neutrality.
How hard is it to stay under the radar
or not? Because in your scale
or scope, we're still dependent
upon a
Tier three ISP
for your access to
the internet. So you do not have enough
power or enough
mass to play
with the big guys and make up
your own rules so you still are dependent
on the rules of the ISP itself.
Regarding net neutrality And
so
the answer to that is that basically
so far nobody has tried to enforce
anything that we didn't want on our
network, on the layer three.
Well, usually the the network
neutrality at the attacks
appeared. And so
we have the neutral network.
We it just works.
And the bigger telcos
just don't care about us and they don't
try to to push things.
We have our own IP or our own
rooting, uh,
and so on. And so
it just works.
But they are not forced by legislation
to keep well.
Well, there are things
enforced by legislation, but we
try to use the F the N to
to be a voice against it and to say, Hey,
we are a lot of people and we are against
it. We are running ISP's and we say
it's not OK and we are
ISPs with citizens behind.
And that's
a different angle.
Like, uh, and
that's important to have multiple angles
to attack these kind of things.
All right. Is sorry for that.
We are out of time.
Let's give him another round of applause.
Thank you very much.
And please remember to bring up the class
with you.
Thank you.