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We are today going to
have a little talk with Obelix, Obelix
is going to show us something, and this
is about 3D printing.
3D printing is really cool.
3D printing is supposed to be a some
people say is supposedly the new
scientific revolution and is going to
disrupt major industry.
This is really awesome.
And we have a little question,
though, and that is, what about all the
waste? What about the waste that happens
in 3D printing?
And Obelix has thought a lot about this
and experimented, and he usually
doesn't come to any Congress
or any camp without
his 3D printers.
He's going to tell you about that.
And he's going to show us or talk to us
about what we could do to
reduce the
negative impact of
the environmental impact of 3D printing.
So please help me welcome Obelix.
OK, thanks very much for being
here, I think.
Thank you for the effort for getting up
this early. It wasn't easy for me, too,
but now we're here and
we're ready to start.
First of all, I hope
my English is good enough.
I thought I had, uh,
submitted a talk in German, but it was
English, Tunheim talking English.
And so excuse me, maybe if I don't know
a word, I would try to say it in German.
Um, the next thing is,
in the beginning, when I submitted the
talk, I had a lot of,
uh, I think I was a little greenhorn
about recycling and I had a lot of ideas.
And at the end it turned out a little bit
different.
So we won't only
talk about recycling plastic
in the form of shredding it like
you may know it already, but also the
global problem that emerges with
3D printing, um, together
with the, uh, the growth
that this market and this industry
has.
So what are the goals for this
talk? Uh, first of all, raise awareness
for the issue, because you already know,
uh, especially in Germany, we have this
really complicated waste management
system and
we already have recycling processes
for plastic.
But these also will be
increasingly used for 3D printing
plastic.
The other thing is to provide ideas and
inspiration because I already failed.
In some moments, I, uh,
discovered some things and I want to
share them with you. So if you try
something, you don't have to start from
zero to.
Yeah. So that's, uh,
about the goals.
First of all, what is the problem?
Everybody likes 3D printing.
Everybody buys 3D printer.
Uh, it's easy and cheap.
A kilo of plastic cost about
30 euros.
So, for example, if I want to
print out this little vinca CATSA,
it may cost me like one euro.
So I don't care. It's just fun.
And that's one of the problem.
People like print a lot of stuff
they they don't really need.
They just print it because they have a
printer and they want to print something.
I must admit that in the beginning I had
the same problem. Sometimes I'm in front
of my printer and I say, man, I need to
use this. I want to print something.
And at the end I end up printing
thousands of vases or some
other crap that I don't really need and
only catch us dust.
And the other problem that comes with
this is that there is no recycling
infrastructure which is adapted
for 3D printing. You have the normal
recycling infrastructure where
trash is collected and
sent to recycling centers and then
processed.
But with 3D printing being
a technology that is spread around the
world and very local, there
are there are chances to develop
3D recycling processes
that are like the printers, local tools.
So, for example, if you are
able to recycle plastic without getting
it out of town, for example, if you live
in a small town, this uses
less infrastructure, less energy and has
less impact on the environment.
Um, which is not possible
with normal plastic because who
needs plastic pellets if you don't have a
3D printer?
So that's a new dimension which
comes into, uh,
this thing.
Yeah. About printing useless stuff.
This is some of my useless
stuff I print just to give you an idea.
One, these are the Stanford panels.
One costs, I think 20 cents,
30 cents. So I printed 60 of them because
I found it funny.
And now I don't know, I have them lying
around. I don't know what to do about it.
And this is especially hard because this
is the plastic that is really difficult
to recycle.
But so that's an
example for don't do that,
uh, because that's not a good example
and that's not good for environment.
So why recycle?
Well, first of all, there's
the environment, you want to think about
it, you want to preserve it.
So producing trash is bad
and that's the first
reason why you should recycle or
at least produce less waste.
And then there is another point is that
trash is money. If you print stuff, you
don't need to spend money while you don't
need to spend it.
That's that's the point where I started
thinking about it because I have huge
boxes of plastic trash and I started
to think about how much money I'm wasting
as well as having them printed
or just throwing them away.
So that's, uh, that's the
point where I thought, man, you need to
change something.
How does this look?
This is about the plastic I
have printed the trash plastic
I have printed in six months.
So this is these are big
boxes. I think it's about six to eight
kilos of plastic, which
I could have thrown away, but I, I
collected them so I could do something
more useful with it.
So what happens
with the plastic if you don't recycle it?
Well, if you are lucky, it gets into
a recycling center if
things turn out bad and I say
I would like to issue a graphic warning
for the next picture.
Next picture.
If you have a light stomach and don't
like to see that things, then don't look,
because this is the problem you
have all day, especially
in the oceans. Animals dying because they
have plastic inside and they eat it.
And these are the size like these bottle
caps or like even the matter clips
you print here.
These are the size of chunky chunks
of plastic that animals can eat and will
eat and will die because of this.
But this is one of the reasons why this
is really important, because it's
exciting. I don't think I need to start
with that.
But that's an example if you weren't
aware of it.
So some numbers about this flipping
things, around
20000 printers being sold
and this sorry.
Sorry, I didn't I could see I didn't
hear the question.
This is worldwide.
Yes.
So this is an estimate.
There's an exact number I took
from Gartner.
I think they're an institute for
statistics and market analyzes.
And they estimate that this is will grow
and really grow fast in the next years.
And it's a billion dollar industry.
Actually, the market value is around
several billion dollars and
it's estimated to reach about 20 billion
dollars in 2020.
So there will be a lot of things
happening.
And it's good because this technology has
really good advantages.
But with more print, there is more
waste. And one of the problems
is the failed print.
You always have failed, like with normal
printers.
Uh, you will never be able to reduce,
uh, completely or to eliminate
them completely.
But there are two categories
in this field print and two different
things you can do about it.
First of all, there
are the Fed prints that are because
that failed because of technical
problems of the printer.
So how does this look?
This, for example, it looks like this.
Yeah, I could have said that this talk
could have also been in philosophy.
But this is, for example,
the prince didn't completely stick to the
print bed.
And this is about 10 years of wasted
plastic in and
its waste that is produced for no reason.
So that's that's one of the first
problems.
Another picture could be this one,
because I have a lot of things I could
show you, like about the thousand
pictures of Prince
and this one.
And that looks really funny
and that's funny now.
But if you have to give a print to
someone and he's waiting for it and
you're sending this picture, he wants to
kill you.
Yeah, that's I mean, that's
that's one of the reasons it
fails. And this I think it's most
of the fails, at least for my
part. I like if I print one
kind of material, they're 100 grams of
waste.
And the other part is where
you print because, for example,
you have done the wrong measurements or
you have chosen and chosen the wrong file
or something else.
And so this is a human error you make,
but this also counts as a failed print.
So that's one of the problems
you also have
while 3D printing.
So the
the goal is to reduce one of the goals
that you have is reduce this failed
print.
And that's, I think, one of the biggest
the best goals because looking for
energy or electricity,
you can try always to produce
cleaner electricity or in this case,
better plastic.
But the the thing
is, if you just start using less,
then you also have
to throw away. Well, that's for example,
you can see here, there
infill of the print is really high.
I mean, it's like I think 20 percent.
And this was for architectural
models. So it doesn't need any stability.
I could have printed it, printed it
without any info and it would have been
much more lighter.
And that's
this kind of human error that can be
changed. And you have to be aware of it
that you can really save a lot of
plastic by doing this.
So, uh, during the next
year, there are many different ways of
recycling plastic and recycling these
prints for the next
time. We want to focus on
one technique.
That is the threading technique you
may already know or have you seen on TV
so.
This is how it should work.
This sounds really easy.
You collect the stuff, you put it in
your collected by different material
types, so.
You put in play in one box
abs and the other box and
everything is fine, then you clean it up
because you have to remove the leather,
for example. There's dirt on it or
something. You want to have really a
clean material.
This is a this is a step that many people
forget. But it's really important because
that augments a lot the quality of the
filament you exclude at the end.
Then you buy a shredder and destroy
everything you find because
it's a lot of fun.
There are no really I had one in the
office and at one point I was looking for
a smartphone and for some reason I looked
at the shredder immediately thinking, did
I shredded or not?
But I found it. It's OK.
It's here, you know, now.
But that's that's the fun part.
You get to destroy stuff.
And, uh, the
the next step is also something people
forget. You have to filter the parts
besides because you want to have, uh,
all the parts in the same size.
That's something. We'll talk about it
later.
Um, then you have to buy or get
the filament extruder.
Uh, filament is you can
see that the 3D printing assembly,
everything I'm talking about, you can see
that the 3D printing assembly filament
is the plastic that goes into
the 3D printer in case of
the printing and that is heated
up in the nozzle so it can be put
on the bolt plate.
So these have diameters of one point
seventy five millimeters or three
millimeters.
So it's like, uh, hot glue gun.
You just put material inside and you make
it hot and press to another and then
a filament comes out.
Sounds really easy to.
Yeah. And after that you can print stuff
and you can repeat this,
this really I mean I saw that and
I said, cool, I want to do that.
So what are the machines we need for
this?
First of all, you need a material
extruder.
This is the machine I bought
from Mastec.
You don't have so much machines on the
market.
This is the only one which I could find
was already assembled because I didn't
I didn't want to waste my time building
the thing. I wanted to use it.
So I bought a completely
build one. It's really simple.
You have a huge electric motor
which then pushes the, uh, the
threaded plastic parts, which
are here through a long thread that
heated up in the front and then the
plastic filament comes out of it.
Sounds easy to OK.
The other thing is the shredder.
As you can see, it has already
some funny stickers.
Yeah. So you put the plastic in the top.
It's not electric. It doesn't work with
electricity. You have to use like your
muscles.
So you have to eat a lot of soup and
drink a lot of beer.
But it's really fun.
I have some people that
only come because they want to destroy
stuff, so that's really cool.
They come and ask me, can I shred stuff?
And I say, OK, if you don't break
anything. But so that's
that's the fun part.
Uh, you get uh.
I mean, the principle is really simple.
The plastic goes on from the top and then
comes out in little threads and here
you can see it already.
The parts have different sizes.
You don't want that.
So it seems pretty simple.
Why shouldn't this work?
Oh, that's what I thought.
But I bought everything.
I tried it out and then I had to realize
that it's not like it seems
to be.
First of all, why didn't it
work yet now
shredding stuff is really complicated and
because the the prints are really
stiff, I mean, you want to print
something that resists a lot of force.
So shredding the stuff is complicated.
It really with a small shredder.
I have I can't read anything
that is thicker than two
or three millimeters of wall thickness
from print because it
you don't just you don't just have enough
force.
So the one one
of the techniques is to break it down a
little bit with like your hands or on
the on the table corner with your weight,
you can break it, make smaller chunks and
then try to read.
Then the different sizes of the plastic,
that's the problem because you're
pressing them into the the extruder.
And if they have different sizes, you
absorb into the the
the the machine, you absorb
a different number of particles
in time.
So you flow at the end is,
uh, varying a lot.
And this results in
a lot of, uh, you like
irregularity and the filament
thickness. And that's not that's not
something you want really want to have a
clean filament with a
constant thickness.
Uh, and then the cleaning process needs
to be optimized because, uh, when
you melt the plastic, uh,
stuff, you don't want to be you do not
you don't want to be you don't
want to have water or
humidity inside it because it will be
included in the, uh, filament
and it make like make holes or,
uh, bubbles inside, which is really
a problem for 3D
printing.
So this is the first problem I ran into.
With with the system,
and that's really these are some
points that are not easy to to resolve
because, uh,
the problem also was to find a shredder,
at least that works, because if
you Google for Shredder or look on eBay
or Alibaba, you find like three
shredders for papers.
And if you want bigger than you find
shredder for cars or like tires.
And so the paper stuff is too
small. And that didn't have 50000 euros
for a diesel shredder that
can, like, take huge
tires. So that's one of the problems
that you only have one machine that
that really works. And, uh,
and it's not so big.
So what's that's one of the
really problems that
I ran into.
How does this
look like one that you can see
it here?
That's really I mean,
so many people ask me about the colors.
Why don't you mix them?
And, uh, why do you
mix them? Why don't you sort them by
color? I mean, I could, but then I
have to have like 50 buckets per plastic,
and that's too much.
I don't care about the color if the
recycled print is great and it's OK
because it's recycled.
Uh, so this
is something that has run several times
through the shredder itself.
And it's still not the same size.
And this is this
really is one of the main problems.
But OK, this everything looks and
I try to share this with the kitchen mix
at home, it works, but it makes
a lot of noise and then the is broken.
You see all my my fellow
roommates who all of a facepalm
because now I need to buy a new mixer.
But I mean the
so I try different things and I cannot
recommend to do it.
In your mixer at home.
I would drink something. Sorry.
OK, but this is something
you could solve, I mean, you could just
buy different feathers or clean it
better, but how about the problems
that you can't really solve
at home or by yourself?
Well.
There, especially for a
lot of misconceptions about the
biodegradability, and so people
say that because it's good for the
nature, it can be
if it decomposes itself.
And many people think this.
But the problem is that Peli only
decomposes under industrial conditions
and in the nature it behaves like any
other plastics. So it stays there for
5000 years.
Um, that that's really a problem.
I mean, that's as many plastics
like this. And why why should a
decomposing in three months?
I mean, if we print something for your
garden and it's disappeared three months
afterwards, that's not what you want.
So that's that's really,
uh, the thing that you want
to have a durable product.
You want to print stuff that holds two or
three years even in the sunlight.
So it's not really possible to to make
them, uh,
to to make them biodegradable so they
can really, in the nature, be left
with no harm like food or
or normal biological waste.
The other problem is that many of the
plastics you buy, for example, these from
call of fab, they are not
pure play.
They're mixed with other stuff because
that makes them easier to print.
It makes them smell like sugar or coffee.
It's not a joke. You can really buy
coffee filament that smells like coffee
while you printed it.
I'll take this.
Yeah, that's I don't know why,
but I mean, OK,
you also can buy beer filament that
smells like beer.
Yeah. I'm really waiting for something
that smells like, I don't know,
mint or strawberries
though. So there are many people putting
them in many weird stuff inside of
the filament that really changes
the the the the
chemical side of the filament,
especially regarding the
biodegradability.
And the other thing is a special filament
where you have a special
filament, for example, with metal
particles inside with
many, many other like Vord Corrick
or what what they have, you
have the flexible filaments.
So they are really they are not normal
people and you need two to separate
them for the rest.
But there's even because there are less
around. So there's even less experience
with recycling of them.
And another problem that I've already
talked about is the precision of the
extruded filament, because if you
look how they do it in really big
industries in China, for example, where
they make tons of filament per day,
they extruded really thick
plastic or a rod
and then pull it while it's still warm
so they can really adjust the perfect
thickness. This is something this is a
machine that would fit in this room.
So it's nothing you can buy at home or
transport with your car.
So but I mean, then it depends.
I mean, if you have a lower precision,
maybe you can adapt your printer to it or
just I mean, if it's a recycled print,
you have to make some kind of sacrifices.
I mean, that's one of it.
So it doesn't look perfect.
So.
And what OK, now we have
seen that recycling plastic isn't
as easy as
I thought it would be,
I hope and I hope I'm not alone with the
thought because I talk to other people.
And I said, no, no, it's totally easy and
safe.
And so,
OK, you will you have a 3D
printer and you think this is too
complicated. I don't want to buy stuff.
I don't want to be bothered by shredders
or stuff like this.
So how can I really
try to reduce the trash
that I produce with a 3D printer?
Well, that's something I already talked
about in the beginning.
You have to adapt
your prints because now that
I know that they're really difficult to
print, I will print my
parts with less stability so I can easily
shred them and they use less material.
So there are two parameters you can adapt
infill and thickness.
People are printing objects
with 30 percent infill.
I don't know what I want to do.
Fly on the moon. It's even with 10
percent prints are really hard enough.
So you can print with five or 10 percent.
That's really enough and you don't need
more than two walls.
So most of the time you
can really you have to test it out.
What a printer works best and
then you can really
easier recycle them and and
use less plastic than the really
important part is think before you print.
I always get emails with the signature
written. Please don't print it out
unless you really need to.
This was this could be transferred to 3D
printing too.
So if you come, for example,
to the 3D printing assembly and I give
you stuff, please only take it if you
really want it, because
that's I mean, I don't
have to print them.
I only print them because people take
them. So, uh,
if you if you are not sure
if you want it, then maybe you should
leave it and then.
We the other thing
I already mentioned is reduced the Fed
print rate, so how can we do that at
home? Well, the best thing is that
you get to know your 3-D printer.
You get to know the moment when it fails.
And you need to really to make sure
on a regular basis, you check it,
you check the screws if everything
is tight or if something is loose.
And that's really easy steps to reduce
the print. Right.
If you fall in one month, if you have a
3-D printer and each month you spend one
hour checking the printer, you will
really have less, much less,
uh, of, uh, of prints.
So that are really some easy steps you
can do.
And I think you can really
save a lot of plastic by doing
it.
Well.
We have 3D printers around now.
We had them for the
last 10 years, but what
about the next 10 years?
Because we are now talking
talking about FDM princess leftmost
technique, where you have the nozzle and
the plastic is extruded.
This is actually cool because it's cheap
and so everybody
can build it easily.
The riprap project can build it easily.
But I personally think and
others may join me in this idea that this
is not the future because it's, uh,
it has a lot of limitations and,
uh, requires
I mean, you have a lot of problems that
come with the print that you don't have
with other techniques and
you have other techniques like selective
laser sintering or stereolithography,
which, um, need extreme powerful
lasers like 200 watts, 400
watts.
So this is something that won't be
done at home in the near future soon.
But one of the things that could be the
future, uh, is,
uh, uh, Strategies has a patent
on it. It's called Poly Jet.
You have Epson also has this kind of
print techniques where you have, uh,
uh, resin that is
spread on the print, but through inkjet
nozzles, really on the microscopic scale
and directly hardened by UV light.
This makes
this makes the machine work like a normal
inkjet printer. You have to buy buy
cartridges and put them inside and you
print and you can take the print out.
This has technically a lot of advantages.
And I think that the 10 years this will
be coming forward because there
will be more research and
machines will get cheaper.
But why is this different?
Well, if the printing uses
thermoplasty and polymers, which
can be easily melted again
and put into, uh,
into another form, like shredding them
and building your filament, but what
about the resin that has been cured with
the UV light?
Well, it's not as easy.
And that's where the problems start,
because actually, if you want to recycle
resin, you burn it and you take the heat
for doing it in
other purposes.
I don't think that's a bad procedure if
you filter the air correctly.
So it has a low impact on the
environment. You still take the best out
of it by using the energy kept
inside to produce heat or energy.
Um, the other thing that you can also
do with Peola, but also with resins
is chemical decomposition.
So you
have to collect
them and put them under certain
conditions so you can extract the polymer
chains or decompose
it into its chemical parts and then reuse
them or
throw them away in a responsible manner.
So these are the other recycling
techniques.
And I didn't find any other maybe
someone has another
idea, but this is this is the ABSOL.
And the problem is that
with the the
extruding or the filament, if in 10 years
we don't have any filament printers, then
it's useless.
So we have to find
other ways. And I think that's
the only way that this reducing the
fair print rate.
Um.
So why why am I talking about
this, because at the beginning, we said,
well, you already have infrastructure
for recycling plastic.
You can you can sort it and throw
it away.
Well, you
when why recycling the
the idea with extruder could
be that you recycled
plastic on a local scale.
So
this is the only thing that, you know,
the local asphalt because of the chemical
decomposition and burning it, that only
works in big industries
because you you need all these machines
and any connection to the power grid.
But if you find a way either
in the next 10 years to also
use either recycle
the resin printed parts
easily at home or in local
stores, I mean, you don't have to do it
at home if you can if a local store can
do it, it's it's it's
it has the same advantages or then
produce resins that can be easily
recycled.
So that's that's one of the
goals for the
next.
The next and the next time.
The next 10 years. The next 20 years.
And this idea wants
to spread.
Maybe one of you has a cool idea and want
to come up with a.
Um, so what else can we do?
We saw that we can recycle,
we can reduce our print rights,
we can pay attention.
These are all things that you can
you have to do if you want to do it, but
you will never be able to produce zero
percent of waste.
The other thing that if you extrude
filament because
the filament is getting
older, you always need to put new plastic
inside. So stretch it a little bit
with new play so that it doesn't
break completely. That's something I
forgot to tell in the beginning with the
misconceptions that people think
that just because extruded the plastic
makes it the new one.
If you take the the the vinca
cuts that you had standing in your garden
for two years and then extruded,
the plastic is still to you two years old
and on a chemical basis
broken, I would say.
So that's one of the problems.
You can do it on an infinite scale at
some moment. You have to throw stuff
away.
So what else can you do to reduce
this this kind of trash?
And that's that's no magic.
That's just ideas I came up with because
other people didn't have them.
And I want to share them so
you can use the the
the remaining parts.
For example, the filament is
put on spools like this and the
spools at the end of the print, they
remain. You don't you don't know what to
do with them. You can put cables on them.
But like in this part, you can also
build lamps for them.
This is a lamp
which makes nice light.
So this is something you
can do with the leftover parts
from 3D printing.
Also, someone else at the 3D printing
assembly took some of my
leftover filament and built necklaces
out of it.
And in front of the
angel area,
you also have a huge sticker walls where
some people are put on recycled
parts. So it looks nice.
Sorry. So this is, uh,
you always have to think out of the box.
So if you have stuff lying around,
it's like, can I recycle it or
maybe can I use it for something else?
The other thing is for reducing the
print rate, and this is something
that also applies to this kind of lams.
And we said in the beginning,
if you have the technology, you must use
it. Well, even at the assembly, people
come to me and want to have stuff printed
that could easily be cut out with a
knife, for example, a paper sheet
or a plastic sheet. So you
always have to think that's the problem
I want to solve with 3D printing is
really being solved by 3D printing
fully or is only a half solution.
You read a lot about printing houses.
I don't know if it's really the best
thing to do because you have a faster
way to build a house and printing it.
I think IKEA has this kind of house that
you can, like, buy them and put
on five wires and 10 minutes later we
have a small house.
The yeah, that really I mean, that takes
five minutes, and if you want to sleep
in the house with a huge machine and
extrude a lot of material, so this is
something you always have to think about.
It's just really useful what I'm doing.
I mean, I don't know if this is really
useful. It looks really nice, but
at least I didn't throw away the spool.
So this is and
the LDA I put inside also used for
another project was like 100 percent
recycled stuff.
OK, but so we talked
about recycling ourself, but is there
already other projects doing this?
Well, there there is one bigger
project, commercial project called
Reiffel.
They're from I think from Holland,
and they take
they get soda bottles and car dashboards
made of Abes and they trash them with
big shredders and recycle them with
filament.
So you can buy PETN about
Filemon from them. I even have some over
there at the 3D printing assembly.
If you want to take a look, uh,
you can you can come
and go and see it.
I didn't find any.
I mean, then you have smaller projects
which basically are for building the
machines.
So, uh, there is a
filter through the filter boards
and extrude.
You will find if you Google a filament
extruder, you will find a lot of people
building extruder themselves with
stuff you can buy from from
the Ngoma home
deposit or hardware store.
But the question is,
is the self worth machine really
performing or are you still producing
more trash? So you can always ask this
question?
Um, but maybe in the
future we will see more projects
emerge.
Yeah, so this is
basically the end,
I'm sorry, I'm not able to talk longer
because I, I wanted to
present more stuff, but because I failed
a lot. I have nothing to present here.
Uh, but, uh, we have
a lot of things that the 3D printing
assembly, uh, you can
just come over and check it.
We have all the machines there.
We have shredded plastic.
You can use the shredder and like, break
stuff if you want to.
And, uh, so
that's for the talk.
Thank you very much for listening.
Thank you, Alex.
We now have a chance to ask
questions, so if you have questions,
please go to one of the
microphones in the end of each aisle.
So the back microphones.
Yes.
Yeah, OK, yeah, thank
you very much.
I have a question, um, so
you try to stop as
you try to recycle, but
isn't there a possibility to use some
organic plastic so
that you can throw away?
Yeah, that's possible.
But the thing is, if the the the organic
plastic like decomposers, I think that's
what you mean.
Then you have to you can't do that.
But you have really have to be aware of
what you print and how long you're using
it. So if you're printing a smartphone
cover, you don't want to use this kind of
organic stuff.
But for example, if you're printing
matsutake, which you only use a Congress,
then you can use it, because if two
months afterwards it's like decomposed,
then you don't care.
So that would be a possibility.
But that, uh, says that, you
know what you're printing and that you
have to know how many people sometimes
don't know. They don't just print stuff.
So you have to think about it.
But, yes, I think that's that's possible.
OK, so that's not already kind of
plastic organic that I didn't
find anything yet.
So I think that, uh,
in the future, with the growth of
the market for Filament, it will
be like for inkjet cartridges.
I think a ten year people would like give
you printers and you have to buy like
for the double or the really
high price to control the print inside.
So I think there will be a lot of
research done in the future.
But this is really something for
people with chemical knowledge have to do
and then they have to talk
with the 3D printing people if it works.
So this is a long process, I think.
But, uh, hopefully this will work out.
OK, do we have a question
from the Internet?
Someone is asking ever if you have
estimated the overall cost of the
recycling's or the energy used for
recycling and environmental and
environmental costs you have with the
recycling and so on, I can
tell you the cost of the machine.
So the filamentous should have cost about
a thousand euros, the federal about
700 euros.
And then I bought like some Aswath
stuff. So I would say that to start
you need 2000 euros.
But for the environmental
impact, these machines all consume
the flow, the electricity like 3D
printers.
But this is something I would
put aside because you have
this environmental costs at any point.
So if, for example, you don't recycle
it and get a transport recycling
facility, then you have to transport,
impact the energy impact of the
transport you can put in an account.
But the recycling itself doesn't use more
energy than the process
at this point because of the hand use.
Shredder doesn't use more energy than the
laptop, I would think, or maybe a big
laptop.
So and this is not something that runs
24/7, like run for two hours to
recycle some. And so the energy impact
from the electricity side is really low
from the footprint of the produce
machines. That that I don't know I
don't know what how complicated it
is to build, extrude or how much energy
it takes.
But I don't I think this is a level of
detail where it's really complicated to
make a fine calculation and say
this has produced how this
how many CO2 and electricity.
So you have to stop at some point
worrying about the impact.
You can go into certain death, but
at some point it's getting too
complicated.
OK, thank you and a question
over here to safe material
such as that to reduce the infill,
but doesn't this increase the failed
print rates because of, uh,
tipped over models?
I don't think so most of the time, the
models tip over because
of the heat and the attention on the heat
and the light is not good enough.
So to prevent the tipping.
This is what you meant, right?
So to prevent the tipping of the models,
what I always do is when I start to
print, I really look at the first layer.
If everything is perfect because it was
the first layer is perfect, then you
don't have to worry about it.
A bad thing is to leak started and come
back five minutes later because then it
has maybe failed and already extruded
plastic. I could show you horrible
pictures of printers that have run like
for 40 hours and I forgot to look at them
and have started making like a lot of
spaghettis.
So really, it's a good thing
to at the beginning of the print, you
look at it, you can you can.
If if you do a lot of different things,
you will directly see if it works or not.
And then then you can leave.
Then everything is perfect.
But the first layer, you should stay
there and look at it.
Thank you.
Any more questions?
Are there any questions?
Where can we see you today?
I'm at the 3D printing assembly, so
the 3D printing assembly is
next to the Zenda sent home.
I think you, uh,
know where this is.
But you can also look at it on the three
three naver.
I think the navigation system for the
Congress, uh, the
correct to the House name of this
room is got open for years.
So if you know where that is, I didn't
know it too, but now I know it.
Um, the easiest description
is when you come in, just walk straight
to the elevators.
Uh.
After the cash desks and go up
with them and you can't miss it, it's
usually where there are a lot of people.
And so, yeah,
we have a lot of differences.
And if, for example, you need a part
to fix something you don't want to throw
away, then we can print parts to.
Really cool.
Thank you.
Is there a question from the Internet?
I don't know.
Yeah, thank you.
Sorry.
Another question from the Internet.
Yes, there's one more question.
Someone's asking whether there's a
difference between cheap and expensive
filament in terms of recyclability.
Sorry, the last word, recyclability,
whether you can recycle it at all or how
good it recycles or.
That's a good question.
I personally don't know.
I would say that the
in terms of waste production, the
difference between good and cheap
filament does that with good filament.
Your prints fail less often or they're
directly looking like you want
them to be.
So but what you really want to look at,
if you want to see the recyclability
of the difference and the filament
is look at the components.
So depending on what kind
of maybe you have to ask the
manufacturer, what are
they putting inside to, maybe they won't
tell anything, but maybe they will tell
you, OK, we have also have P.H.
or Pity or, I don't
know, beer side.
And then you can see how these other
polymers can be recycled.
And this really has an impact on the
recyclability.
But that you have to ask the
the companies, because most of the time
they won't tell you because that's a
production secret that, you know, this
little additional to make into the
filament are the things that make
the best for them. And so they won't tell
you. And this is a difficult part.
Maybe this changes in the future.
Any more questions from the Internet?
OK, you're too shy to ask.
Sorry, now as to my question,
if you have time, I mean, they are we
have time to think. And the first
question is we have is do you
recommend any suppliers for good for
them?
And I don't want to make
any, uh,
to to put someone in the front, but I can
say that I order my filament that color
in German up mostly
because they have
compared to I have I have made good
experience with them. I wouldn't say
they're the best, but that's why I order
my film. And, uh.
And so.
Yeah, but you have to try it out.
It depends where you live.
For example, I think of have
in German rattrap, if you're based in the
US, you have other suppliers.
So this is a really more for the European
market.
OK, thanks. And then someone is wondering
whether it would be possible to just melt
the whole, like, waste
into a big block and then proceed from
there instead of shredding it first and
into a small part?
Yeah, that that's possible.
And that's partly happening.
And and the filament extruder, because
the whole barrel is made of steel, and
when you heat it up at the end,
it gets also warm so that the plastic
is already a little bit, I would say
weak and soft, so it can easily be sucked
up in the in the machine.
But, uh, I think that
if you melted in a big pot like this,
you have to pay a lot of attention to the
temperature that it's constant over
the whole part.
I don't know. I haven't tried it, but I,
I think it would be possible.
But the machines will look differently.
And I didn't see a machine that that
makes this. You can build one, you can
try it out. It's not dangerous.
If you recycle ABS's filaments,
please only do it in the ventilated area
because maybe filament is toxic and
produces toxic fumes.
We only produce play.
So if you want to try out recyclable
recycling, maybe it's a good start to use
play so you don't get any
health damages or die because
of two different.
Sounds like a good advice,
anything else from the Internet?
Yeah, questions actually start to pile up
right now.
OK, but also in the room, if you are too
shy to ask a question now, you can also
come later to the family and ask me.
As I was ways you can send down
the bricks so you get really, really
small parts for recycling.
Sorry, what was that breakdown,
Sandown?
What is life?
Yeah, but you can send
them down.
You mean for it so they can easily get
into the the the
the shredder.
I'm not exactly sure how this question is
meant actually.
OK, but I mean sending
in 3D printing for my experience is
only for cosmetic applications
if you want.
I think what he meant is to produce a
sort of powder you can easily extrude
maybe with the machine.
So yes. Yeah.
But, uh, if, if the
parts are too small, then there's no grip
in the machine. So you need a minimum and
maximum size.
So I think what you need are different
stages of shredders, like a big one, the
small one and Xinyuan.
And then someone is proposing that the
hacker spaces could make filament
and sell it and make a local market and
things like that.
You can I mean, there are a lot of things
that hacker spaces can do on a commercial
basis.
But in the experience with my
hackerspace, uh,
this this works, but it only works if
everybody feels committed to it.
So from the
from the hacker space community, I
know this this works really fine for fun,
but commercial projects, it depends
on the people and all that.
The people don't maybe go
into hacker spaces because they want
to do commercial stuff.
But maybe there are some hacker spaces
where there is a team that they want to
do a startup and like make like
you have a coffee break, you can do a
recycling bike. I don't know how
you drive to the customers and you
collect the trash, but you can you
don't need to recycle.
That being said, you don't need to
recycle three different parts.
You can also take pity bottle and shred
them and then print with it.
That's also possible.
So you can you don't even need to buy
trash or filament.
You can do it.
Mostly it's written on the on the
bottles. It works fine.
Is that for the Internet, is that all for
the Internet? Yeah, that's everything.
OK, great.
So as we heard,
if we have any more questions, we can
find Obelix upstairs across
from the sended CENTCOM.
Yeah. In the 3D printing area.
And if they are and no more questions at
this point, then please give a round
of applause for village.
Thank you.