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France has seen a number
of radicalized attacks in the past year,
our hearts has gone out, have gone out
to our French friends,
especially during the Paris attacks
in 2015, in November 2015,
and a niece on Bastille Day of this
year.
Since November 2015,
France has been under a state
of emergency and the French society
has seen a number of drastic changes.
Friends is now a police state, and
with that came and very
extensive and intrusive surveillance
framework.
And if we're looking at the upcoming
French presidential election in
the spring of 2017
and the rising popularity of the far
right, we see
that there is a serious need for a debate
on privacy rights, freedom
of expression, and also on France's
own national motto, which
is the center of the French democratic
values system,
liberty, equality,
fraternity.
And what about privacy?
So today we have with us achiness
and Chris from LaGuardia to
the Net and they will start
framing the debate with their questions.
And we hope that you will have a chance
to add to that after the talk.
Please help me welcome Agnes and Chris.
Hi, everyone, thank you for coming.
It's a great honor to be here.
Let's start with something
fun.
Actually, yesterday we kind of revamped
the whole talk and maybe
this title could have changed
it to something like this.
As we were talking so much about friends,
we should have called it like Privacy
Baggot.
So, you know, for the
let's talk.
So let's be honest.
Let's be honest.
Things are quite bad in France for
freedom.
They are taking a bad direction.
And it's actually not
easy to know exactly where
the line between this is.
Fine and it's really bad is
living every day in France.
It's difficult to say if we have already
drifted too far or
from what we know, people are suffering
and liberties are under attack.
But the very fact that
we are here to talk about this is a good
news.
We can still talk about democracy
and challenge the power.
So let's do it.
So back in 2012, President
Hollande has been elected.
His program was, well, left
wing. But since the arrival of Manuel
Valls as a prime minister in July 2014,
it illustrated a security turn for
the government since that French
government policies were strongly
oriented towards more surveillance
and more what they call security.
Our goal is to invert the trend,
to document what is going on so we can
remember in all political world
where everything is buzzing when the EU
in the US election, we are even
speaking about the post Truth World,
where memory is documentation.
They are of utmost importance,
a little bit like the pigs in Orwell's
Animal Farm.
More and more politicians are playing
with memories and changing their minds
every two years.
Well, it isn't new that people in
positions of power are trying to rewrite
history.
However, it's no more and more difficult
to keep track of those changes,
especially when on a long term
basis, information is so quickly buried
and there are massive amounts of order
type of information.
In this talk.
We are focused on
French laws that have been adopted in the
past three years and
that are infringing fundamental
rights in France.
In the digital area,
of course you better get gadgety
fraternity, but also privacy,
which is not in the national model,
but it's still a fundamental rights under
mind.
So there are too many
laws that are legally causing all liberty
to decrease at an alarming rate.
Most of them have a strong impact
on Internet use, whether it's metadata
gathering, surveillance or censorship.
We can easily say that France is up
to date to the most techniques
of policing the Internet.
Instead of doing a review of
each law specifically
that was adopted in the last three years.
I would like to focus on the consequences
of this close
as France as France
adopted very strong security measures
even before 2015
and the terror attacks.
So, first of all, a problem on
data retention and access.
Low since, well, law
enforcement and administrative authority
can have now a wider access to metadata
returned by hosting providers
and ISP for broad purposes,
such as a defense of permission
and for the defense and the permission
of the fundamental fundamental
interests of France.
So here
we are
before well before the adoption
of the surveillance law in 2015,
there were only few administration that
had access to intelligence techniques.
This is the surveillance law results
and this slide which shows
or the administration
services that have access to intelligence
techniques, which is
lots of them,
this and this slide is not up to date
because since
it has been done, a
new administration that such as
a penitentiary, authorities
have also access to those type of
techniques.
Basically, those are the techniques that
are allowed in that Aldo's
administration to have access to.
So it's not very easy to read
because it's a very, very big image.
You can find it on our wiki of credits
at the end of this presentation, Yuusuke,
you'll find a link.
So basically you have here the minister
of defense with all the
administration around, the minister
of interior around here and
around here, the minister of finance and
now the Ministry of Justice with the
penitentiary.
Authorities have also access
to that type of technique.
So what technique are we talking about
those techniques? Well, they are what
they were calling are legal that are not
illegal because there is no law to
prohibit them.
But they were used without any legal
safeguards.
They intrude privacy.
And, um, although there
is oversight agency
having to check on how
those techniques are being used and
implemented, it has no real power
to forbid the use of one of
those techniques.
Those tools gather well, analysis of
encrypted communications, key loggers,
Internet probes into the backbone of the
network, AMC Cultures
and so on and so on.
Well, there is also very weak and
complicated judicial redress to be put
forth to protect citizens of that.
As a matter of fact, all secret
surveillance is difficult to prove
and to attack then it's public
knowledge, although that several years
from several years the French secret
services were carrying surveillance on
the international submarine cables,
illegal surveillance with no
public debate and no law.
That's why it was illegal, even though
we had sufficient evidence that this
system existed since 2008.
The lawsuit brought to the council, Ed,
the Supreme Administrative Court was
dismissed with no scrutiny.
And of course,
now international communications are
intercepted,
but now with the law,
but still with no judicial
redress and no real oversight.
And here, for example, the
MEPs of
what a court case before the concert at
the Administrative Supreme
Administrative Court.
And this court case was also dismissed.
Basically, the same written that she
asked and she treated my Assyrians,
France. I request control procedure for
the National Commission for the Control
of Intelligence Technique, which
the name in French is the sea and city
are the commission that
in that control the technique, the whole
cinema was treated on fourth May
2016.
Next consequences will censorship
with the terrorism law of 2014
France. It will reinforce the offense of
apology of terrorism, which is the
glorification of Terrorism Act and
terrorism speech.
This offense is even more sanctioned
if committed online.
Yeah, and here you have
the United Nations report
on the use of the Internet
for terrorism purposes.
And it's written that
it's specific but specific
on an apology of terrorism,
which says that some intergovernmental
and human rights mechanism
I've expressed that the concept of
glorification of terrorism is
sufficiently narrow and precise
to serve as a basis for criminal
sanctions, compliant with the
requirements of the principle of
legality and the permissible limitations
of the right to freedom of expression.
So this is important because
this means that France, France
does not comply with
that. Ocean and consider that anything
in the scope of apology of terrorism
is illegal. Illegal and
of course, with no definition really
finished off, what is apology of
terrorism?
The problem is it's not only in France
because the EU directive
for combating terrorism, which
is
going to be adopted very soon at the
EU level,
is going in the exact
same way.
And
and then it will be applied in all the
countries.
So still, without definition
of what is apology of terrorism,
we shall not forget that a key difficulty
is to identify where
the line of acceptability lies
because it varies greatly from country to
country, depending on cultural and
legal history.
So apology of terrorism won't be this
won't be exactly the same in
one country and in another one.
So and still no definition
in none of the countries.
Speaking of numbers, as we are geeks and
we like numbers, between 1984
and 2014, there
have been 14 people sentenced
for with the offense of apology
of terrorism in 2015.
So in one year there has been 336
people sentence with that offense,
considering then one third
of the people that have been
sentenced.
I've been sentenced on the sole
offense of apology of terrorism.
That means that people are getting
sentence of a very serious sanctions
for merely going on a website
or posting a statement on a social
network.
Now, let's talk about police powers.
So since November 2015
and the terrorist attacks in France,
France in is in under a
state of emergency,
which is still ongoing.
So this state of emergency
has been extended already five times
and it will last until July 2017.
So it will be almost
two years and we don't know if it
won't be extended again.
It could be, at least for the moment.
It's the state of emergency is an
exceptional set of power that was
installed in France for
the war in Algeria.
It gives exceptional powers
to the minister of interior and
the minister of defense and
as it was shaped as a regime for war
situations.
Now it looks like it's getting less
of exceptional, but there
is more.
This means that we are going to have to
elect our next president in France
under an exceptional state of power.
It means that emergency is going
is becoming the current state of affairs.
It's not a bug.
It's a future.
So next, consequences
searches.
This is part of the police
powers, but it has very interesting
things. After the declaration of state
of emergency in November 2015,
the police carried a very large number
of house searches at any time
of the day and any time of the night.
And also, considering that it was those
searches were done at the police
discretion without any
control in how the search was carried.
Speaking of numbers, after three
months, there has been around
three thousand three hundred and thirty
six searches.
The searches were not only on the things
in the police, but as well on the content
of the computers or the type of system.
There has been various version
of the law that allows those type of
searches. The first law adopted
in November allowed
the police to to grab any
type of data on your computer
and any type of system connected
to that computer that in that could
be a remote system, considering it could
be your cloud storage, your remote
servers or.
Well, the whole Internet
after that, the
the Constitutional Council,
which is censored
part of the law and
well put some kind of Surgut.
But again, when the law was put back in
after the attack in Neith on best
day this
day, the extent and the
scope of gathering the data on
the computer was once again
broadened.
And that allowed to, for example,
take it, keep and to retain
any type of data that is considered
as suspicious.
But wasn't
it wasn't linked to any type of offense.
And that has been censored again
by the council end the past month.
Yeah. So, uh,
next, talk about
the House arrests and limitation
of demonstrations as well.
So along with house searches,
many people were under
house arrest.
This measure was largely used during the
COP 21, which was the conference
on climate change that
was held in Paris
in December 2015
to forbid the organization of
demonstrations.
So protesters were receiving notice
that they were not allowed to be
present in certain areas of Paris
during a certain time.
And some of them received
three months or more house arrest,
basically.
Yeah, basically what a house arrest is,
is that you have to be at your place
during or at your home during
almost all the day because you have to go
to the police station three times a day
to say that you're here.
So, for example, you have to go on nine
o'clock, one PM and
6:00 PM so you can a very good
walk.
You cannot go anywhere.
You have to stay in the same area.
And then on the top of that,
there are a lot of people from the Muslim
community that have been targeted by the
police. And I haven't seen the house
brutally search along with a notice
of three or more months
without any proven
or non offenses on the sole
fact that there were Muslim and they
might have been maybe
in contact potentially with someone that
has been in contact, that someone has
been in contact, that someone has been in
contact with something.
Yeah, and on the top of
all those measures that are
barely legitimate, France
requested derogations
from the European Court of Human Rights.
It means that France deliberately asked
the permission to infringe human rights.
The Article 15 allows
for country to ask for that kind of
permission in case of war
or great danger for the nation.
But what we thought is that
we have seen during the
the COP 21 and the heavy
repression of some of the protest
against the labor bill in spring 2006
in the state
of emergency.
And the limitation and the derogations
are not only used for anti-terrorism
purposes and not only for great
danger for the nation's French
Fifth Republic, it's often called a
presidential republic.
This tendency is only confirmed by the
adoption of the recent laws led to a real
shift, strengthening the executive
power at the expense of
the legislative and judicial authority.
Let's remember that the separation
of powers is a key principle
for a democracy, as none of the part
of the poor are perfect and an all
need to be balance by each other,
which is written in
the declaration of human and civic pride
since 1789.
A society in which the observance of the
law is not assured nor the separation
of powers defined has no constitution at
all.
So maybe we could say
or ask whether France as
a constitutional at all competition.
Yeah,
that was a slide from the previous
version of this presentation and
the catalog of all the laws we've been
telling you about so far.
It goes from 2013.
We decided to start on 2013
because otherwise it would have been a
six hour presentation.
But from the military planning law to the
terror of the law surveillance law, you
have been heard about
those low in the prior in the Treaty
to See treaty have been a presentation on
those laws and after the extension
of the state of emergency
and the reform of the penal law
that that includes
now in the common law measure from the
state of emergency,
there's laws are only
those who are related in a way
or another to the digital
issue.
So there are some others on immigration,
on several things
on the phone.
At some point we were wondering if they
were all trying to put terrorism in
a law so they could go further.
For example, I remember a law that was
called a law on transportation,
public transport and terrorism.
So I had someone we all like, hey,
do you want a sandwich? Yeah, I would
like him. Cheese and terrorism.
So let's talk about privacy now.
Are you kidding? Have you thought of
terrorist?
This is a great illustration.
Yeah.
So why privacy?
Because it's increasingly something
attacked in all laws, as
in France, in France, as something
to limit or bypass
in order to fight against terrorism,
more especially to protect people
from themselves or from the others,
but normal people.
So, yeah, but as soon
as you weaken fundamental rights, you
have lost my name.
As soon as you weaken fundamental
rights, we we can all order rights.
The state of emergency regime is a
perfect example of how the weakening
of our rights and our liberties affect
our societies.
But privacy is a condition for us to
exist and to think and to be ourselves
how to be free.
If you don't know whether you thought our
kind by public or private actors,
the Panopticon site is being installed
in a very insidious way, a sense
of self-censorship is going along
with it.
But there is more in a society
where Panopticon is the norm,
the only way to exert our liberties
and to have some privacy and encryption,
as you know, encryption is one of the key
battle for the next two years.
And unfortunately,
our politicians have not up to the
issue and are trying to weaken or harm
encryption, especially between
friends with Paul in that time.
And so up trust
work for what we want and
what we believe in.
So, no, explain the situation.
Let's go to what we can do.
So I really like this this quotation
that says A be the change you want to see
in the war against
al Qaeda in the quadrature tries
to do this in a very different way.
First of all, there is one of the big
works is advocacy.
We did a lot of advocacy work
on all those little mentioned before,
but as friends, since
while the few month I started
an electoral electoral year
and as we know that politics are more
communication than actual work,
especially when an election is coming,
it becomes almost impossible to follow
in to explain the disaster to the member
of parliament or to the government
that just reply they have the
responsibility to fight terrorism and so
on and so on. And there is, of course, no
other way to do this.
When advocates it's not efficient
anymore.
We try to switch our strategy
and, for example, document the future
for the future.
So, for example, this is in French, but
this is one of the document we
write to try to explain how
the whole system of security
is going on.
It's called the Boulevard of the End of
Liberties.
We like very dramatic titles are we are
French.
It goes from 2004 14
to 2016. Basically, it's everything
you've seen until the
penal law reform.
You can find it on our wiki.
If you were interesting to translate this
to us, that would be a fine idea.
And furthermore, after that, in May
2016, we
really switch strategies.
We decided to leave the state
of emergency.
Explain, for example, why
we understood that the fact that
politicians were going on for
communication and maybe to be elected, it
was very hard to try to for them to
listen to us.
So right now, what we're liquidating is
working, mostly working on a positive
proposal and to increase or work
towards the general public in order to
to understand the major issues.
Basically, we just took
a tactical step back so we can
go again more in the future.
Please read the whole press release.
The euro is here.
Well, that's only for France.
We keep working at the European level on
the same thing.
And for example, also but we don't
disappear from the political landscape
as we join other likeminded NGO
to create a common platform to promote
our proposals during the
general election debate.
But we don't really aiming them any type
of candidate. We're just saying that's
the world we want.
So
to hack our way around the limit of
advocacy, for two years,
we've been filing court case against
those close.
This is a joint effort with made with
two other NGOs,
the two of them are the DNA
evidence. So of FBN
is a nonprofit.
The first one is a nonprofit ISP,
the France Funds Holders Internet
access provider since 1992.
And FDN is
a federation of nonprofit
ISP.
So gathering around 30 user
ported non-profits, Internet access
providers, including Abberton.
And there is also one in Belgium,
for example, not only in France.
So this is
the nickname of the group is
the exegete amateur.
So with a great translation in English,
um, it's a group
of volunteering lawyers and gigs
in France using the system
to fight the system and
sometimes to lose against the system.
And we try to win also
sometimes.
So the red team is
actually an informal
and self organized
working group. So no, not a really
NGO registered in France.
They started
the first lawsuits in early 2015
on data retention
and then on state sponsorship
and surveillance.
And for two years
they've launched twenty procedures,
which is huge now, knowing that they're
all volunteers. I mean, they all are
working their
normal work during the day and they're
working for the kids during
the evening, the night that we can then
sometimes during that time probably as
well.
But don't tell that to their employer.
Yeah.
Uh, we will
I will give a quick overview
of of of their child, but I will try
to make it simple because I'm not going
to detail twenty procedures which are
not possible.
And if you're interested
in it and there will be a central
organization, but we will give the
information at 4:00 p.m.
today
with some of the exegete
to talk about our
litigation case, give more information
and also to coordinate litigation teams
in Europe if some of you are involved in
such groups,
because this is quite important and we've
already tried to start it, but
we feel that it would be great to
to go more into
it.
So first, on
data retention and access,
the French military planning, a law
that was adopted in December 2013,
extended the way for the administrative
bodies to get access to metadata,
uh, written by hosting
providers and ISP within a large
and imprecise in precise scope for the
defense and promotion of national
interests, which is so very
broad.
In fact, we started to
court cases for this one, one more
focused on data retention and that
access in the framework of this specific
military planning law and
one another on the whole existing
framework for data retention.
And one of our main argument
were that in 2014,
the European Court of Justice
had overturned the
EU data retention provisions adopted
in 2016.
So one year, 10 years
ago in a ruling called Digital
Rights Ireland. So maybe some of you
already heard about it.
For the first court case focused
on military planning, a law
was rejected by the Court of states
of up by the conceded that the
Supreme Administrative
Court.
We had asked for a preliminary
ruling to
say that the preliminary ruling is
a question asked by a national judge
to the European
Court of Justice for interpreting
for well, we ask them to interpret
the European those regulations,
the European ruling, and
it enables a more
a better harmonized
implementation of the regulation,
the European regulation in all the member
states.
Unfortunately, the court say that
our court did not
even explain why they did not ask for the
question, but they didn't ask for the
question.
And fortunately,
the good news is that although national
courts such as the Swedish one and the
British one.
Are making it better than French ones,
and I've had
asked exactly the same question to the
European Court of Justice and that our
attention and the
European Court of Justice replied last
week on 21st of December, I think it
would last week or the week before that
a general and indiscriminate data
retention of thought
this year ago, both of all
traffic and location data of all
subscribers and registered users
relating to all the means of electronic
communication was not compatible
with the EU Charter of Fundamental
Rights. So that was what we were saying
and that was what
the can say that I said
you're wrong or and we didn't.
We want to explain to you why you're
wrong or we will explain you
badly.
So this ruling is a very good news for
us.
We were kicked out by the
competitor and the European Court of
Justice just said we were right.
Now, we hope that they can say that
they will take it into account for our
second court case, the
one of the four, the more
general framework of data retention in
France.
So we are impatient to know
to see what will come out from this
decision as the stakes
are very high.
Um, next part.
Yeah, next part on civilians slow.
So it started a long time ago when
probably some of you weren't born yet.
Well, yeah.
In 1991,
after a ruling by the European Court
of Human Rights that France
was violating privacy rights.
The French government enacted
so on already on 1991,
France was doing things
for infringing human rights.
So it's probably not very new.
But
so French government enacted
a law on surveillance to enable
public authority to use surveillance
techniques and control
radio communication
without any oversight of
any independent entity for
the defense of national interests.
National interests are always the most
important. So we can do whatever we
want and use whatever technique
to control and to
monitor radio
communications.
So we challenge these provisions before
the constitutional, the coup, the
constitutional, which is the
constitutional court,
and succeeded in October, striking
down the legal regime for the
surveillance of radio transmissions.
So now they cannot
do like they look like before and
and make surveillance of radio
transmission without any oversight, which
was what they did before.
Unfortunately, that's not all on
surveillance. So we saw earlier that
since the adoption of the surveillance
law in July 2015,
the tools for intelligence services
and other public bodies have been
developed.
So the scope broadened
the oversight not strong enough,
but at the same time the judicial
remedy has not been enhanced.
And we have challenged all the
implementing decrees, five of them,
and we are still ongoing proceeding
against the French government and the
conceded that. So it's still ongoing.
We're still waiting for the,
uh. I mean, no,
we just you know, we
we sent
information to the court and
the government replied and then we can
reply and so and so on until
there is a decision.
So it's still ongoing.
So. And on censorship,
which is the third big
focus of the excisions.
So the terrorism law
adopted in 2014
enables administrative body to block
websites without prior
judicial oversight,
without prior judicial redress and
without further inefficiency.
So real censorship.
So France, France
got rid of him is even worse than
Russia's website working legislation
because in Russia, the
blacklist is actually subject to public
scrutiny.
In France, the list is updated in secret
by the French police, and
we cannot access it.
Apparently the only country in Europe
doing as bad as France is Turkey.
So nice.
Furthermore, when apage
sensate.
Users that try to reach
the page are
automatically redirected, the minister
of interior webpage,
website.
And when we challenged this,
they can say that dismissed our argument,
saying it was OK because there
were there was no processing of personal
data, such as IP addresses,
for example.
Yeah, yeah, sure.
Guess what happened
a few weeks ago
around our historical telecom
operator made a big mistake
and locked IP addresses
of Google, Wikipedia
and other websites.
So big deals already for all
those who are using or rent the tennis.
And all the people were redirected
to the Ministry of Intelligence
and had a page.
Well, the page fold down at the end
that they had appeared at the beginning
saying that they had tried to reach
terrorist websites.
So Google now
Google had become a terrorist website by
a human mistake, which is quite
interesting.
And the ministry
has just announced that the collect
that data collected because of
this mistake wouldn't not be processed.
But he had said before that none or the
that I had said before, that none of the
data were processed.
So what it seem that he's
changed his mind between
before the orange failed and after
the one the orange fell.
So, no, we are getting back to the
that with new evidence again,
so that with with the exegete
and well, there will be
more information and possible possibility
to talk with them
and with us to
be alarmed.
It's on the fourth floor in front of all
one hour.
So it's like the place like huge glasses
and it's like very beautiful.
I think this where you have the
mannequins, maybe it's
in at 4:00 p.m.
at 4:00 p.m. today to fourth floor
to talk with the exhibits.
So there is a sign that
those are all legal challenges
and legal work we're doing,
which is in fact very, very interesting,
because sometimes when you have a huge
website blocked, you have new
information.
One of the other means of Laquidara is to
work with people and to help them
to understand and reappropriate
themself the issues and or
fight.
The idea is so people can not only
be part of it, but to make their fight
their own.
So we can decentralize.
We can. We can we are not the provider
of how it should be.
We have, as you know, every
C.C.C., we talk about our tools and
we have a lot of ongoing working tools.
And most of them are working and most of
them are really awesome.
So McPaul, which
is a tool that allows us to track
the position of a representative of
our time on a subject so
vertically. So you will be able to know
if your representative what
what he voted before and after
this and that and that.
And you see foreign policy changes his
mind a lot are not,
for example, were
for example, we on our instance of
memorable because memorable can be
decentralized and you can install your
own instance, which is great.
We have people that voted for ACTA
back in the days and they voted for the
surveillance law in France when they come
back from the European
administration to different
administration. So they have such a bad
score, it's almost impossible, you know,
that this guy is such a bad dude.
It was possible.
Well, there is this is
a tool that is on free and open source
software.
It's on our market. So please check it
up if you're if you're a developer or if
you like doing that at work and so on,
it's really, really interesting.
The next tool that we are
using is the phone.
We use it to contact Frehley or
representative.
The idea is that people,
when they're on an ongoing European
campaign, for example, for the
European Parliament, how they're going to
be able to contact the representative
because, well, you know, phone charges.
And when you have to do international
phone, it's even more while everyone
should be able to participate in the
public debate, that's what that means,
that you shouldn't be worried about
how much it cost you.
So we build a tool that to be paid
freely to connect to your
contact your representative freely.
It's a free like it's really free as
in free beer and free as in freedom.
As you know,
there is also a little lab.
Please take a look at this.
It's it's fun.
The other one that's a documentation
of what we were talking a lot about
documentation before.
And our wiki is used to document all
the work, all our analyzes.
And it was very, very heavily
used to prepare this conference because
trying to find backing to months
and months of press release is more
complicated. But when you have a wiki
with all the information really well
structured, it's important
also to note that
during the first week of the state of
emergency that there
is not on the slide because I just
thought about this.
But people started to make a list
of all the
violation of rights
during the house searches and they're
under house arrest and or a wiki page.
When you go on the first page, you can
find it very quickly.
There is a list of all press
articles speaking about a violation
during the first weeks and first month
of the state of emergency.
This list is huge
just for that.
Wikis are important people.
Then you have respect, Meynet.
I don't know if some people were on to
talk in your hold to on day one.
We're thinking about speaking about net
neutrality and basically respect
my net. That also has a website to
respect my net. That EU
is a tool that allows to
spot the violation of net neutrality
are really go back to that conference
and you have question as they come talk
to me. And there are other things that
are more part of the new strategy of that
quadrature.
Crypto parties and the network of
supporters, while crypto
parties, you've
been to some of them, you know what it
is, and it's still really
important. It's still relevant.
Maybe the way that we were doing them is
good. Maybe we have to change the way
we're doing them. Nonetheless, sharing
our experiences, sharing
our knowledge, sharing our best
practices, sharing our error is
making us a better a better community
is making me better tools.
So we have to keep doing that.
We are working with people trying
to go back
in new ideas and doing crypto parties
and so on. More than just the
usual crypto party think saying people
are more to that.
There's been a lot of talk about
encryption and security out here at the
CCC and your privacy issue as well.
And I'm sure in the future one.
So really, people talk
to each other.
And finally, the network of supporters
with which is the core thing
of what we can do, the
network of supporters, like any type
of NGO, is
the people that can make a living it,
that without the support of quadrature
will be nothing will just be
people in office
working something.
But when people speak about it, when
people contact
with it, we have
we have the ability to decentralize
a work and decentralize our
communication.
That makes us more resilient, because
if something falls there, well, the
rest can work. That's the basis of the
Internet, decentralized everything.
So that's it.
We know we can do it and we know
we are already doing it.
So let's keep doing this.
Let's go back to our conclusion.
I'm not here to tell you what
to do.
We are just presenting what you are doing
here in front.
But what is going on in your countries?
You're all from different countries, from
the European Union and even
overseas.
So what laws are adopted
in your country? Why?
What type of legislation
is regulating surveillance?
And what, for example, are you doing
about that? What about doing all the
litigation work?
Let's join a huge European
litigation work and let's hack
again the system because advocacy worked.
Maybe we'll have to think about new ways
to make a right and to speak about the
rights in the next years.
So fingers
of what? What are you doing?
And we are really interesting in knowing
what we're doing. Let's get together
decentralized thing.
Let's make all the types of
litigation work.
Other types of crypto parties are the
type of tools that allow us to
communicate, allow us to make a right
important and to connect
and to participate in the public
debate because, well, democracy
is alive because of the people.
The people are not allowed.
There is no democracy.
So that's that's.
You have the credits for almost
everything I've put in there in
the slides
and the extra judicial access to
metadata, its techniques, so
you have this on the rekey, the
United Nations report on the use of
Internet for Tim's purposes, the icon
there is twice the same file that
there's a big shout
out to Tom Gate who made the file with
the whole techniques and all
administration. That was a huge work.
Thank you very much to that.
You have to visit the database
on the forensic cowritten, all done by
our graphic designer
Gondar and the Privacy Commission
on that page. There is a lot of coming up
with privacy. Some of them are really,
really funny. Go over there.
Finally, if you have questions and
contact us website, we are on
an ongoing fundraising campaign
as every year we are around 70
percent of our budget.
If you're interested in, please support
us and thank you.
And if you have questions we want to let.
If you have questions for Agnes
and Chris, there are four
microphones on the sides, please come to
the microphone. We don't have so much
time.
So let's start right away with the
microphone on this side piece.
I have a general question about the
French situation as
far as terrorism is concerned.
Is there any debate whatsoever
in France that that perhaps
may have something to do with French
colonialism in the past centuries?
No.
No is on colonialism, it's
it's well, I remember in the
in the November 20th
of last year, in
November, French
French Prime Minister Manuel
Valls said something very
strong and that's really
illustrated how French
power we're seeing terrorism, at least at
that time, it was
explaining, is already trying to
forget for four forgive.
Yes, that's a word.
So explaining is trying to forgive.
What does that mean about the
understanding of such a complicated
issue as what Europe is going through
right now?
So I guess the debate will happen
in the next year.
There are people working on the
antiracism front, big
shout out to them, but so far
in the big parliaments
and so on, this debate is not
really heard as French
politicians are very much on the
historical reaction
to to terrorism.
Like, this is crazy.
You have to do something or our values,
our life model lifestyle, everything
is attacked.
So so far, the debates were
not really one sided.
OK, then he in the front, please.
Yeah, I have a question regarding
the house rates you are talking about
that were, yeah.
Rising especially within the Muslim
community. And I think in Germany,
too, there are lots of people who are
referred to as suspects, although
there is no reason and there are.
So they surveyed also.
And I wanted to know if there is anything
on a policy level or maybe from the civil
society initiatives or organizations
working against that.
Well,
not so far.
The thing is that there have been few
court fines and court cases under
house arrest.
The what is interesting that
they really rushed everything after the
attacks of November.
And so things are getting settled
and first things are getting
judge. And for example, there are people
that are still under house arrest
since November last week,
this year.
So this is like we don't
know whether I guess in the future
something will come up.
But so far, the
civil society working that this is
an amnesty and the league,
the dalam human
human rights would like, you know, not
criminal throughout, but the Human Rights
League or OK, are
working on that and get in.
Then we have a question from the
Internet.
Yes, the IRS is asking basically
two questions. First of all, Ecco, 21
asks, you mentioned about 3000 searches
since the state of emergency was enacted.
Do you know how many convictions for
crimes these have resulted in?
Yes, but I didn't I forgot to put the
numbers. Let me
let me try to find out if
you have my Great Wall paper here.
I hope this OK was here.
Great.
I know I found the and
those numbers are from the report
on the first month.
It's not since last year.
That's a first month of state of
emergency.
And that the report was issued on the
third month.
Uh, what is this.
Yep. So there was the French
newspaper.
Le Monde has a section called
The Decoders, and they're try doing data
on the numbers and so on.
So basically, it's very small, but
you have four hundred.
That was after three months, I think if I
remember well, that was after on the
report that our four hundred house
arrest there are two hundred and ninety
still active.
There has been three
judicial procedure
with 28 on terrorism,
23 for apology of terrorism.
I well eight being linked
to terrorism and five real
for terrorism.
So that's very small.
And there
we know that the next number I'm just
reading that for the information that
twenty, thirty eight individuals
that have been followed
by the French Secret Services DGSE,
which is the interior services and
among which 320 have
been already contacted.
So this has been
done in January 2016.
So it was a year
ago, three months after the start of the
government.
And those numbers are outdated.
Yeah, we have no idea what the new one.
Thank you for that. And the second
question is by Trussville.
He basically asks in your eyes, how
big is the impact of the extra
Amadu on the situation in France?
Is it more than a voice to articulate
disagreement with the status quo?
I think it's from Internet, so I guess
it's not this person is not here right
now, otherwise I would have
I would tell him to go ask them.
Nonetheless, I think we are creating a
lot of jurisprudence that could
be used from other countries in Europe or
in the world or in France
for that kind of issue.
Yeah, I think the influence well,
the the impact of the exegete
is increasing
time after time.
I mean, like and.
I mean, now people are contacting us
on Twitter to ask us to
challenge a new law or change
anything that that are coming, and
that is not great. So, I mean, I
think that there is something that is,
you know.
Oh, yeah, I've
been on going since two years only.
So that's very, very young.
OK, then the microphone in the back
there, please. Hi, I.
Could you talk a little bit more about
the role litigation has had in activism
and creating political change, especially
if you have any examples about your
experience with it?
You mean, yeah, the impact of litigation
in activism, I think it's very
important just because right now
we feel that advocacy in France
at least advocacy is not
enough to change things.
So you fight as you can
against, for example, for surveillance
law in 2015.
We fought a lot.
We were like that.
I was at the top of the
leader in the fighting against this law.
And finally
we we lost because
it was adopted.
And even
on that, we can create a huge coalition
of where you
would create a huge coalition
with private sector private companies,
start ups also with
NGO friendly for human rights
and other type of ofri in
general, civil rights.
The coalition was huge.
Also individuals.
I mean, there have been lawyers, very
known and top lawyers to try standing
against that.
And the government was deaf to that.
So maybe if it's not working, let's back
away from that.
Yeah.
And then it's important to
us to have other solutions afterwards to
fight against. And it
enables all the people to participate
because some of the people would not be
able or would not like to do some
advocacy, but can help to
do some litigation.
It enables also to
collaborate, cooperate with other
NGOs doing the same thing on
litigation or the in other countries
and to create. Nuh nuh
nuh nuh nuh.
Yeah. New networks.
Um, so
it's, I think it's, it's complementary
and it's very important to keep
going with it because and
and it's also when you
cannot find a way
to um
for example for that are retention.
There is there was no way for
us to win at work to
to make it fall down
on the French level,
either by advocacy
or by French challengers
or court cases.
And it's at the European
Union level that we can
finally succeed.
So it's very important to
I mean, to
try everything. Yeah.
To try all the tool we have
to to succeed to it.
Yeah.
OK, thank you. Then up here in the front,
please.
In my opinion, calling the state of
emergency is a
slight overreaction on the topic,
but what is the
public opinion in France on this?
All the people seem viewing
that a state of emergency being
called right now and extended every
year.
And then, first of all, a
state of emergency is not a name of us.
That's the name of the actual state.
It's called the journalists from Allo
from the in 1955 on the public opinion.
It has been changing a lot.
I think considering public opinion.
It's really complicated as
public opinion. It depends where you pick
it. Do it from your friends.
Do you pick it from a study?
Do you pick it from general?
What media are saying?
So what happens is that also
they see the relation with the general
reaction.
And I think it's if you can link it with
the CHOUX tragedy, defining them
is Cranebrook.
So after the attacks, of course, everyone
was saying we want more security, but
we can see that even as France adopted
an anti-terrorism law every
year for the past twenty years,
twenty five years, we have still this
problem. And there is something that
politicians try to advocate that they
will fix things.
However, we know as we are geeks,
hackers and so on, that perfect security
is impossible.
So on the public opinion, I think there
is we are living a
a turmoil.
On one side, you have the rise of
populist leaders such as a Marine Le Pen.
On the other side, you have the left
wing parties going for security
and the politics are played by
Manuel Valls. Wasn't a political
left wing politics such a strong right
wing politics that could have been done
by any kind of hard core Republican?
So I think we are in a time of a change
and we have to decide what do
we believe in?
What what do we want and what do we want
to do that will?
And I would just add
something, which is
even people get used
to the state of emergency, gets used to
be search the bags at
each time you go in a shop, get used
to, you know,
having to show your bags to take
the train or anything like this
and to have less freedoms on the
Internet or less freedoms
anyhow.
I mean, they're getting
used to be in a more
well to lose their freedom,
you know, and
and this is absolutely not what we want.
So we try
to oppose this.
That's it.
Then the Internet again, please.
We had a huge feedback
on Twitter, and, of course, many people
are asking, is this a blueprint for other
countries as well?
But Pourri Keyon
in Ayers's especially asking what
is the current state of affairs in
Belgium?
Oh, do you know something about that?
The innovation has have
adopted few security laws
for having been in mean.
I've not have such in-depth knowledge
about the legislation on that.
Nonetheless, I think Belgium is less
trama drama queen about that.
I'd said I'd like this.
They have been in Brazil just after the
attacks in Brussels and the reaction
between Paris and Brussels was very, very
different
from the other type of issue.
For example, also that they have this far
right wing political party,
racist political party out of power.
So that's another type of problem.
So I would say
go ask Naropa, which is the
natural rights protection
organization in Belgium.
So maybe go ask them.
They may know more than me.
Thanks.
And then over here, please, if
I may refer back to Belgium because I
live in Brussels, I have seen the
situation.
I think it's good because
the government are already chaotic
enough. So they cannot really take a
stance on this. And the only comment they
made so far was blaming PlayStation
four encryption and communication
among terrorists.
That was the minister of interior
company. Bullshit.
But coming back to France,
what's the do you have any allies among
public figures or any political
parties? Maybe not parties, but
politicians who voice your concerns
and your calls? What's the state of the
public debate?
And do you foresee that after the
elections in case for national wins?
Can it go anywhere?
I'm not asking that question.
I will not answer that question
and can get anywhere that I mean, the
second part on the first part, we have
politicians that are
there that are supporting us a little
bit.
Yeah, or a lot.
But few of them I mean,
especially the member of parliament.
Well, we know we have
a socialist government.
You know, the government is socialist
one, but it's an extreme right
one as well.
So depending on the
official name or the right
situation.
So
among the socialists on the left wings,
we have support in the green
side or depending
on we have a little bit.
But
among the member of parliament, I mean,
it's very few of them, and especially on
terrorism issue, if
they're told each time they have to add
something that they would be responsible
if they do not for the law.
So they do not want to be responsible
of the next attack.
So that's what the law.
So, I mean, the support
is not so strong
and the government is using a very that's
very part of the new prime minister of
France, Bernard Cazeneuve, that has
a very way of saying,
telling people that they should vote what
he's giving, that if you don't
vote first, you are against France,
you're against French values, and you
will be responsible for the next attack.
So as a politician, what does
that mean when you have your job, your
job is being that is chosen by the people
and you have to and after you are scared
that people are going to tell you that's
your fault, so you kind of vote
the same way.
He says, OK, we have
time for one more brief question
that goes to you.
So the EU seems
to be helping you guys a bit.
I mean, you're saying, you know, you go
over the French courts and to the EU
court and it's nice that the EU
is at least something of a force for
good. But how long will that last?
I mean, there are a lot of other
countries that are pushing the EU in
a, well, fascist direction,
to put it that way.
I mean, how long will this be helpful?
Um, it depends.
For example, what we talked about,
the EU Court of Justice
that helps us for
better retention, for example.
It's not always the case.
For example, the terrorism, the
directive on combating terrorism that is
currently negotiated
at the EU level
and will be adopted by the EU parliament
in January or the beginning
of February, probably is not very good.
And lots of French measures for
terrorism law are
put into this directive.
So you is not
always helping us,
but it's interesting for us to work with
the EU because
you go out from your French
French very close,
you know, mind, you know,
from the government and members of
parliament. So right now, this
is not always the EU that helps help
us, but not
all the part of the EU, but especially
the court.
And honestly, we do not know how long
it would last and we hope
it could help us to
keep going this way.
But, you know,
otherwise, if people have questions,
come see us at the teahouse afterwards.
And for the talk of the exegete at four
p.m.. What time is that again?
Four PM at four pm and 4th
floor, four PM, 4th floor right
in front of you. So make sure everyone.